Pug-mill



' (N o Model.)

D. PETERS.

1 PUG MILL. No. 375,568. Patented Dec. 27, 1887.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

DANIEL PETERS, OF CINCINNATI, OHIO.

PUG-MILL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 375,568, dated December27,1887.

Application filed March 5, 1887. Serial No. 229.747. (No model.)

mixing or kneading various substances of a granular or plastic nature,whether in. moist or dry condition; and it consists in the constructionand arrangement of the mechanism hereinafter described, embodying as itsmain principle of action the interrotation of two concentric spiralblades or wings in opposite directions in the mass of material, and,also, in the construction and arrangement of the containing vessel andits dumping mechanism, all as hereinafter set forth.

My invention is embodied in the mechanism illustrated in theaccompanying drawings, in which- A 1 Figure 1 is a front elevation ofthe machine complete; Figs. 2 and 3, opposite end elevations,respectively; and Fig. 4,a vertical axial section of the containingvessel, showing the form and relative arrangement of the mixingbladesand their mountings.

Referring now to the drawings in aid of th following description, Adesignatesthe containing vessel,preferably in theform of arectangularhopper with semi-cylindrical bottom; and B,the supporting-frame of thehopper and the driving mechanism, said frame consisting ofsupporting-brackets b b b, standing upon a base or floor. The hopper Ais journaled and supported in and between the standards b b upon the endshafts, respectively,of two spiral blades or wings, O D, mountedconcentrically and rotating one within the other in opposite directions.

The construction and arrangement of the blades are as follows: One ofthe blades-as, for example, (the larger,) O-is held upon and between twocrankarms, c 0, upon a short shaft, 0 0', extending in oppositedirections through the end Walls of the hopper A. The shaftsccarearranged in a common axis extended,and the crank-arms c c setdiametrically opposite each other, while the outer surface of the bladerotates in close proximity to the cylindrical bottom of the hopper. Thesmaller blade,D,1's constructed and arranged in asimilar manner uponcrank-arms d d, and its end shafts, d d, extend concentrically throughthe shafts c c,which are made hollow for the purpose. The hopper has itsbearing upon the hollow shafts 0 c, and thelatter are journaled in thestandards 12 b At one end of the machine the shaft d projects beyond thesleeve 0 and receives a spur-gear, g, and at the other end the sleeve 0is projected to receive a similar gear, 9

The driving-power is communicated by the following mechanism. At one endof the machine a third standard or bracket, b is erected, givingbearings between and upon itself and the standard b for a drivingcounter-shaft, e, carrying fast and loose pulleys f f and a spur-gear,h. The latter meshes with the gear 9, before described, and with asimilar gear, 9 arranged below upona driven counter-shaft, t, journaledin the standards 5 b below the hopper A, and carrying at its remote enda spur-gear, g, meshing with the gear 9 before described.

1 It will be seen that the driving-poweris first given directly throughthe gear g to one of the spiral blades in one direction, and transmittedthrough the counter-shaft z and gears g g g to the other spiral bladewith an opposite rotation.

It will also be observed that by the described mounting of the hopper itcan be rotated upon the shafts c 0' without disturbing any of thegear-connections.

The mechanism for accomplishing the'rotation of the hopper to dischargecontents consists of a curved rack, j, arranged upon one end of thehopper, and a screw-shaft, k, journaled in projections of the frame andprovided with an operatinghandle. This arrangement is much preferable toany other in large machines, as it retains the hopper atany positionwithout danger from overbalancing, besides requiring but little strengthon the part of the operator to manipulate. The deflected position of thehopper is indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 3.

The mode of operation is as follows: Power, being applied andtransmitted by the described gearing, rotates the blades in oppositedirections, one within the other. The spiral contour of the blades actsto force the material in opposite directions longitudinally in thehopper; and the blades being arranged to pass in close proximity to eachother and the outer one in close proximity to the bottom, where thesubstance tends to concentrate by its gravity, a constant tearing andmingling action is sustained. The end supports, 0 d, also take part inthis action by their opposite rotation.

The machine is found to operate efiiciently with dry and granularsubstances of all kinds,

and also with wet or moist substances of a plastic or semi-plasticnature.

In the illustration of my invention the crankarms 0 o d d are shown asset at diametricallyopposite radii; but in practice 1 find it desirableto carry the outer spiral around an entire circle between its crank-armsand the inner spiral a circle and a half. These proportions may ofcourse be varied as desired.

I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent of theUnited States- 1. The improved mixing-machine, embodying,incombinatiomthe reversible discharginghopper A, fixed supporting-frame B,concentric spiral blades 0 D, having shafts c djournaled one within theother and forming a pivo otal support for the hopper, the gears g g atopposite ends of the bladeshafts, the countershaft 1' and gears g gthereon, and the drivug-gear h, arranged and operating substantially asset forth.

2. The combination of the vertical standards of the supporting-frame,the hollow end shafts of one spiral blade journaled therein, the hopperhung upon said hollow end shafts projecting through its end walls,theend shafts of a second concentric spiral blade, and the two spiralblades secured to and uniting the end shafts,respectivel y, and rotatingone within the other, substantially as set forth.

3., The combination of the hopper having a cylindrical bottom and swungupon the shafts of the spiral blades, the spiral blades operating withinthe other, and the rack and screw device, arranged and operating asdescribed, for the purpose specified.

In testimony whereofI have hereunto set my handin the presence of twosubscribing witmesses.

DANIEL PETERS.

\Vitnesse's:

L. M. HOSEA,

C. D. KERR.

